Things to Know Before Connecting to Public Wi-Fi

Public Wi-Fi is a convenient way to connect with the internet, but are they safe? Whether it be a coffee shop or airport, free internet access allows us to work, socialize, and stay informed. This makes our work convenient but comes with a lot of security risks. Cybercriminals target such public Wi-Fi networks and hack our information, bank account or conduct fraudulent activities. In this blog we will explore how to stay safe while using public Wi-Fi. 

What are the risks associated while using Public Wi-Fi? 

It is important to understand the risks associated with public Wi-Fi. When you connect to a public network, your data is transmitted unencrypted, making it vulnerable to encryption by hackers.  According to a report released in February 2024, 25% of personal information in the U.S. was compromised through public Wi-Fi networks in cafés and restaurants last year. This highlights the security risks associated with using these networks. 

Here are some common threats of using public Wi-Fi. 

• Man in The Middle Attacks: Here hacker intercepts the communication between your device and internet. This allows them to access sensitive information such as passwords or credit card numbers. 
• Rogue Hotspots: Cybercriminals set fake Wi-Fi networks with similar authorized Wi-Fi network names (for example, ‘free airport Wi-Fi’) to trap users. Once the user connects to this Wi-Fi, hackers can monitor all the online activities and steal users' data. 
• Malware Distribution: Public networks are the easiest way to distribute malware. If the user's device is not protected, they may risk downloading malicious software unknowingly. 
• Session Hijacking: Hackers hijack your active sessions on websites, allowing them to impersonate you and gain access to your accounts. 

Tips for staying safe on public Wi-Fi 

Here are some ways to reduce the risks of using public Wi-Fi. 

1. Use a VPN: Using a Virtual Private Network is one of the most effective ways to protect your data on public Wi-Fi. A VPN encrypts the user’s internet and makes it hard for hackers to intercept user data. For example, if you are working in a cafe and try to access sensitive information, a VPN will secure your data so that hackers can’t access your network or data.  
2. Connect to Secure Networks: Before connecting to any public Wi-Fi network verify the name. Always choose networks that are password protected and which are provided by reputable establishments.  
3. Turn Off Sharing: While using public Wi-Fi, users should take care to disable file sharing and other sharing features on their device. On Windows, go to the Network and Sharing Center and turn off file and printer sharing. On macOS, go to System Preferences then go to Sharing and uncheck all options. This way you can secure the device from unauthorized users. 
4. Use HTTPS Websites: Whenever it is possible, make sure to visit HTTPS rather than HTTP site. HTTPS encrypts the data exchanged between browser and the website. Also, it adds an extra layer of security, and it protects your browsing activity.  
5. Keep Your Software Updated: Updating operating system, antivirus software, and applications regularly helps to protect your online activities. Before connecting to public Wi-Fi check for updates to make sure the device is secure.  
6. Forget the Network After Use: Once you are done with the Wi-Fi use, make sure to ‘forget’ it on your device. This prevents the device from automatically connecting to the same network in future. This will reduce the risk of accidental exposure. 
7. Limit Sensitive Transactions: Do not perform sensitive transactions though it be online banking or shopping when connected to public Wi-Fi. While performing any such activity make sure you are using secure VPN and a HTTPS website.                                        
8. Use Two-Factor Authentication: To secure your device enable two-factor authentication(2FA). This adds an additional layer of security, owing to the need for verification beyond just your password. For example, if a hacker obtains your password, they will still need the second factor (like a code sent to your phone) to access your account. 
9. Monitor Your Connections: Check and verify which devices are connected to your network. Some routers allow you to view connected devices, which can help you identify any unauthorized access. If you notice unfamiliar devices, disconnect immediately and change your network password. 
10. Turn Off Wi-Fi When Not in Use: If you are not using Wi-Fi, turn it off. This prevents your device from automatically connecting to the available Wi-Fi networks, thus it reduces exposure to possible threats. 

Summing Up!

Though public Wi-Fi is a convenient way to stay connected, it is necessary to take precautions to protect your personal information. By following these tips, you can enjoy the benefits of public Wi-Fi while minimizing the risks.  

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